Determining The Accuracy Of Testimony Of Eyewitnesses

6. What factors should be taken into account when evaluating the accuracy of testimony of eyewitnesses? (10 points) Eyewitness testimony plays a huge role in the courtroom for juries. There are several factors that should be taken into account when evaluating the accuracy of testimony of eyewitnesses; if the witness was able to see the offender, the level of the witness’s attention, how accurately the witness described the offender, the witness’s confidence, and the amount of time between seeing the crime and testifying against the perpetrator (Costanzo Krauss, 2015, p. 142). It’s important to consider if the witness was able to actually see the offender. The level of attention the witness had should also be considered. The witnesses’†¦show more content†¦When conducting lineups, the administrators must follow certain rules so that a situation like this doesn’t happen. For example, they shouldn’t comment on the witness’ answers and they should inform the witness that the real suspect might not even be in the current lineup. 8. Describe three research findings regarding improving eyewitness accuracy. (10 points) It is important to provide system variables when it comes to eyewitness testimony. Researcher Walsh (2013) suggests providing the witness photographs of the suspects in a sequential lineup rather than a simultaneous lineup. Fewer misidentifications result from simultaneous lineups. The reason for that could be due to the fact that the witness isn’t sitting down starring at a group of individuals for a long period of time comparing them. If the witness sees the suspects one at a time and is being asked to say yes or no to the images, then the witness is recognizing or not recognizing a face instantly. This tactic is important because the witness can really recall the perpetrator immediately rather than starring at too many faces for too long, which can affect the witness’ memory. Researcher Walsh (2013) also suggests that it is essential that the eyewitness administrator informs the witness that the suspect may not even be in the lineup. If the witness isn’t told this, then he/she assumes that the perpetrator is in the lineup and believingShow MoreRelatedTo What Extent is an Eyewitness Testimony Credible and Therefore be Used in Court?1732 Words   |  7 Pagesalike share a widespread belief that the single greatest cause of wrongful conviction is because of an eyewitness testimony. April 23, 2007, marked the 200th criminal conviction exonerated by DNA evidence in the United States of America. According to www.innocenceproject.org, over 75% of the 200 criminal cases revealed to be wrongful convictions involved a faulty eyewitness testimony. Collectively, these 200 people spent a total of 2,475 years in prison. With factors such as witness memory, dependabilityRead MoreHow Does The Brain Malfunctions Affect The Justice System?1246 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the procedures called lineups or photo arrays are used in order to have eyewitnesses identify a subject guilty of a crime. In the lineups, subjects are lined up while the accuser has t o choose an individual that they believe committed the crime. Using the same idea with the photo arrays, the victim will choose from a set of pictures of subjects (Weir, 2016). Many scientists question the validity of eyewitnesses because of all these factors that impact memories. This has lead to a substantialRead MoreEyewitness Testimony And Its Impact On The Outcome Of A Trial892 Words   |  4 PagesHow Accurate Are Eyewitness Testimonies? Have you ever been a witness to a crime? Would you feel comfortable if prosecutors relied on your eye witness testimony alone for a conviction? According to â€Å"The Magic of the Mind†, eyewitness testimony which relies on the accuracy of human memory, has an enormous impact on the outcome of a trial. Eyewitness testimony is a legal term. During an eyewitness testimony, the witness usually goes into an account of the crime he or she has witnessed. This can includeRead MoreEssay on Eyewitness Identification and Reliable Testimony2502 Words   |  11 PagesEyewitness identification and testimony play a huge role in the criminal justice system today, but skepticism of eyewitnesses has been growing. Forensic evidence has been used to undermine the reliability of eyewitness testimony, and the leading cause of false convictions in the United States is due to misidentifications by eyewitnesses. The role of eyewitness testimony in producing false confessions and the factors that con tribute to the unreliability of these eyewitness testimonies are sending innocentRead MoreEyewitness Retention Consistent Evidence For An Offense1751 Words   |  8 Pagesamongst people revealing the reputation of eye witnessing for the majority and jury. All evidence used to convict a person has to go through a vigilant examination process especially the testimony of an eyewitness. So much emphasis is put on a truthful and accurate testimony because there has been a false testimony, which cause consequences and complications. Criminal justice systems should demand their district to notice there is an occurrence of bad witness memory, because the brain will juggle andRead MoreEyewitness Testimony And The American Psychological Association1580 Words   |  7 Pageslaw and judicial practices, eyewitness testimony has been a crucial part in reaching verdicts in court. The opinions and observations of bystanders or active participants in a crime scene are often considered to be very v aluable in determining the guilt or innocence of accused individuals. However, there has been a large amount of scrutiny in the law world concerning both misappropriated and untrue testimonies administered in courts of law. Although the testimony of individuals can simply be misinterpretedRead MoreAccuracy of an Eyewitness Testimony Essay2096 Words   |  9 PagesThe Accuracy of an Eyewitness Testimony Student: Amy Mason Number: 2842657 Tutor: Serena Nicholls Tutorial Time: Thursday 10am - 10:50am Due date: Friday 21st September 21, 2012 Word count: 1858 Psychological research shows that eyewitness testimony is not always accurate, therefore it should not be used in the criminal justice system. Discuss. The reliability if an eyewitness testimony is questionable. The witness may be so certain that the person that thy are pointing out is one hundredRead MoreA Visual Of The Mitochondrial Dna1484 Words   |  6 Pagesa crime scene with 100% accuracy. The accuracy rates for determining the physical traits mentioned perviously such as hair and eye color are a staggering 70%. This reveals the high likelihood geneticists possess of being able to create a potential visual of an individual based off of their DNA. These high rates not only show the accuracy behind this method, but also help to guide police and investigators to narrow down their search, bettering their chances of determining who committed a crime orRead MoreEffects Of Eyewitness Testimony On The Us Criminal Justice System1700 Words   |  7 PagesMidterm Paper: The Effects of Eyewitness Testimony in the US Criminal Justice System On December 14th, 1982, Marvin Anderson was sentenced to 210 years in prison for crimes that he did not commit [1]. He was charged with rape, forcible sodomy, abduction, and robbery; these convictions were largely due to the eyewitness testimony made against him at trial [2]. During the investigation, a collection of photos was presented to the victim, where Anderson’s photo was the only one in color. Then, in aRead MoreA Case About A Female Jogger1386 Words   |  6 Pagescases like these face. Eyewitness psychologists play a vital role in identifying the mistakes of eyewitnesses and trying to diminish the error. To continue, before a police investigator does a highly confrontational interrogation, they have to do an evaluation of the suspect to determine if they are innocent or guilty. They do that by performing an information-gathering interview. At times, determining if a suspect is guilty or innocent, police investigators have interviews with witnesses, and informants

African Americans and the Nursing Field - 1369 Words

Can you imagine back when you were a child and the feeling you had that was associated with going to the Doctor? Do you remember the image of that long, skinny needle that the doctors would have in their hand in preparation to stick you with? If so, you may remember those memories not always being pleasant ones. However, as adults looking back, we may think to ourselves how important that it was to go to the doctor and how important it is now. Despite the importance of the medical profession, nursing in particular requires a tremendous amount of training and further education. However, it is known that becoming a nurse is not an easy task to accomplish which means a greater shortage of nurses. As Lisa Seldomridge and Mary DiBartolo ,two professors of nursing notes in 1998 that â€Å" The current shortage of nurses. . .† led up to the conclusion that precautions need to be taken to determine students that are likely to fail which does not benefit the nurse shortage(361). Despite the high demand for nurses, and all those who wants to be a nurse, there still is a high dropout rate in the nursing program. Virginia Peterson notes in 2009 that â€Å"30% of students who enter a baccalaureate of nursing education program do not graduate, and of that 30% â€Å"approximately 82.3% leave in the first semester (411).† The dropout rate led Virginia Peterson designed a study to test to see if certain variables led up to the high dropout rate. However, the study concluded that variables such as howShow MoreRelatedThe Glass Escalator By Adia Wingfield926 Words   |  4 Pagesand careers such as nursing, secretary, elementary school teachers and child care workers may be seen as a woman’s profession. I chose to analyze the concept of â€Å" The Glass Escalator† by Adia Wingfield and relate it to two different news articles â€Å" More men enter Fields Dominated by Women.† By Shaila Dewan and Robert Gebeloff and the article â€Å"Kud os for the Black Male Nurse† by Benjamin Greeen Jr. It has been encouraged for both men and women to take on occupational fields regardless of genderRead MoreWomen During The First Half Of The Twentieth Century951 Words   |  4 Pagesof restrictions on African-American women in medicine; limiting their access for advancement in education, the job market, as well as, medical-services. Although historians have examined the social and economic impact of two world wars and their roles of women in medicine during the first half of the twentieth century, they have often left out the challenges and inequalities of African-American women and their experiences with disease and health care changes. African American women and their familiesRead MoreAfrican American Nursing Students Have The Lowest Graduation Rate Essay1059 Words   |  5 PagesAlthough African-Americans represent the largest minority group, studies show they have the lowest success rates in nursing programs. Accord ing to the AACN (2013), â€Å"African-American nursing students have the lowest graduation rate when compared to other minority groups†. The lack of minorities providing care negatively effects healthcare outcomes and accessibility. In order to increase the number of African-Americans nurses practicing, it is essential to gain an understanding of the conditionsRead MoreImportance Of Transcultural Nursing920 Words   |  4 Pageslooked at, holistic nursing views the patient this way. Cultural background is important to honor and respect if a patient is being treated in the hospital. Diversity is prevalent in the nursing field. Not only do nurses come from different cultures and backgrounds, we are constantly caring for many patients whose cultural beliefs differ from ours and this should not stop us from providing the best care possible. The Importance of Culture and Diversity in Nursing Transcultural nursing is a necessary specialtyRead MoreCultural Values And Health Care1108 Words   |  5 Pagescultural diversity in healthcare, especially in nursing and the ability to not only to provide quality nursing-care, but also one that is culturally competent. A report by Institute of Medicine (IOM, 2001) revealed that nurses, and other healthcare providers, who provide health care to a culturally diverse population in different settings, need to be cultural diverse, and also be competent in order to eliminate ethnic healthcare disparities . Nursing care should be planned in such a way that It takesRead MoreHow African American Woman Is Working Essay1322 Words   |  6 PagesIn this paper I will be investigate about how African American woman was working hard to become successful in the elegance of the society in the 1880s and years beyond that. Being African American woman who is demanding to profitable to Nursing profession is a story of colored women fighting to overcome racial, social and economic injustice. In 1879s there was institutions, policy that only one African American students and one Jewish students could be enrolled in each training class at a time. NeverthelessRead Moreâ€Å"It Must Be Remembered That For The Person With Severe1407 Words   |  6 Pagespsychosis; however, non-medication treatments will play an increasingly important role in mental health care as research evidence accumulates showing that many CAM therapies are both safe and effective. Integrative mental health care is a rapidly emerging field that focuses on maintaining optimal wellness and managing symptoms of each unique person, keeping in mind their values, preferences, and circumstances. Advantages of integrative mental health care over the conventional biomedical model include: improvedRead MoreMary Mahoney: The First African-American Nurse Graduate866 Words   |  4 Pagesfor the white children as African Americans schools had fewer books, poorly paid teachers and school buildings that were run down. Although the African Americans were no longer slaves, they were still treated as sub- citizens and fighting for equality. Through this enduring strife, there were pioneers that pathed the way for future minorities to live out their dream. One of those pioneers was Mary Eliza Mahoney, who became the first African American trained Nurse in the United StatesRead MoreArticle Analysis: Heart Failure in Minority Groups874 Words   |  3 Pagesoutlines the unfortunate fact that there is little empirical knowledge regarding the rates of heart failure within the young adult populations. This knowledge is even worse when it comes to examining minority populations, especially within the African American community that is increasingly vulnerable to heart conditions. With heart failure and other cardio conditions being such a prevalent problem in the United States, it is imperative that current discourse understand it much more than we do nowRead MoreThe Analysis : The Birdcage Metaphor980 Words   |  4 Pagesand class intersection of the medical field, differential treatment between the two nursing homes studied, one of which consisted of primarily CNAs of minorities, reveal some racial disparities. The nursing home with a largely black and Latina workforce impos ed harsh rules, and management regarded workers as constantly trying to evade their responsibilities, often pitting the workers against management (Clawson and Gerstel 32). In contrast, the other nursing home rewarded workers for great work instead

Vacant Chapter 5 Payment Free Essays

We spend a quiet, comfortable evening and I can’t help watching Emily for most of it. It’s obvious she hasn’t seen television in a while because she’s mesmerized. We are watching some Cajun cooking show on public access, but to see it through her eyes, it’s like we are watching the most fascinating show known to man. We will write a custom essay sample on Vacant Chapter 5 Payment or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"I put a little mo’ wine in here, maybe a little mo’ wine fo’ me,† the host says in a Creole southern drawl. â€Å"Oh my gosh! Ethan, he is so funny! ‘I gar-un-tee’!† she laughs as she mimics the chef, and I can’t help the smile that cracks across my face. She could let the world swallow her whole with the weight of her situation, but she doesn’t. Instead she carries on, seemingly carefree, laughing at the talkative old cook with the gift of gab. â€Å"Emily?† She glances over at me, still laughing at the TV. It’s the moment I know I’m making the right decision. I take a deep breath, ready to lay things on the line. â€Å"Hang on! He’s going to tell a story about squirrel hunting! This’ll be good!† Emily says with enthusiasm. While I really need to get my thoughts out, I can’t deny her this moment. It’s so pure, so I decide to indulge her for the final five minutes of the show. As the Cookin’ Cajun finishes, Emily focuses her attention on me. â€Å"You wanted to talk about something?† The light and sparkle in her eyes is amazing. She looks happy and carefree instead of nervous. She seems to assume the best of every situation. Given the circumstances, you’d think she would be nervous, but instead, she acts as though we’re going to talk about whether she’ll make oatmeal or chocolate chips cookies next. I suddenly feel something I haven’t felt in a very long time: content. â€Å"Yeah,† I begin, though I’m not sure why I’m nervous, other than the fact she may say no. She may refuse my help. She may tell me to mind my own business, that she doesn’t need anyone to look after her, but I have to try. â€Å"I want you to stay here.† Her mouth drops open, but no sound comes out. â€Å"With me,† I finish. I’m not sure whether her speechlessness is a result of shock or horror. I decide to play it safe with more justification. â€Å"You can’t squat next door. It’s not safe, it’s illegal, and you don’t need any hassles from the cops.† She sits for a moment with her eyes trained on her hands while her fingers twist with each other on her lap. Her hair is frizzy from the humidity, and despite having it pulled back, there are tiny tendrils sticking up forming an angelic halo around her face. After a few moments, she finally speaks. â€Å"So, what do you want in return?† What? I’m fully aware she has no money, so why would she think I would want her to pay- I’m not even finished with my own thought when I realize she’s not talking about monetary payment. Nothing is ever free, and she thinks I want her in return for providing food and shelter. The thought strips me down to the core. â€Å"No!† I shout unnecessarily, but I can’t help it. I do not want that! She’s hiding her face, but I can see her scrunching her eyes closed. I take a breath to calm down and explain myself. â€Å"No,† I start again, much calmer than before. â€Å"I don’t want anything from you, Emily. I want to help you. I know how†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I stop and take a deep breath. I need her to understand where I’m coming from. â€Å"I know how hard this situation can be.† She flinches and snaps her head up to look me in the eye. â€Å"You don’t want†¦you know, then?† She gestures between us to further her point. Lie. â€Å"No. The last thing I want is for you to be taken advantage of.† While the thought of being with her physically is an attractive offer, I would never want it under that set of circumstances. I know how easy it is to become a target when you’re young and in need. â€Å"But, why? Everyone wants something, Ethan. There has to be something you want from me. I mean, it’s okay if you want†¦ you know†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Her cheeks flame red as she says this. God, she’s so naive she can’t even say the word â€Å"sex.† It only solidifies my decision that I’m doing the right thing, but she’s right. People always want something in return, so I will have to give her a reason why I don’t want anything from her. I have to be honest with her and let her know that I’m all too familiar with her situation. How to cite Vacant Chapter 5 Payment, Essay examples

Block Scheduling vs Periods free essay sample

A small debate has always been discussed when talking about block scheduling and traditional class periods. Some people like the longer classes while others prefer the traditional six shorter class periods. Everyone has their own opinions about block scheduling. Block scheduling can be really helpful to high school students in many ways. Although, block scheduling is a longer time spent in one class, it should be mandatory in all high schools rather than traditional class periods. Block Scheduling is more like college classes, rather than traditional six period classes. There are many ways to schedule with using the block method. One option is the alternating block schedule. Classes meet each day for ninety minutes. Four classes meet on A days, and four meet on B days, with days of the week alternating as A or B. The second method is the semester block scheduling. This allows students to attend just four classes for ninety minutes each day for an entire semester. We will write a custom essay sample on Block Scheduling vs Periods or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The following semester students enroll in another four classes. These two methods are the most like college classes. It is good for high school students to experience and get used to the longer time spent in classes to prepare them for college. Block scheduling allows students to take more subjects and cover more material in one class. High school students need to prepare for the future and get used to the way college classes are organized and with the block scheduling they are sure to do that. With the six traditional class periods students only have forty-five to sixty minutes in each class before the bell signals for the next. By the traditional six classes they stay in the same subject all year around. Block scheduling gives two more extra classes to take because of the extra time (Schroth). Many high school students are involved in extracurricular activities at the school they attend. By using the block method, teachers can get most of everything they had planned finished in one class allowing extra time to do class work and students will not have as much homework. Only having four classes cut down on homework rather than six classes all year around. Block scheduling allows teachers to teach less students and can have relationships and get to know each student very well. Students can get direct help from the instructor and can learn more easily (Ediger). This is good for at risk students because it gives them a chance to just focus on a few subjects each semester rather than all year long. In some schools, block scheduling allows students to take dual enrollment at their local community college. By doing this, high school students can get a head start on college classes if they are able (Childers). Many opportunities to help academics can come from the block scheduling method. Block Scheduling allows students who fail a subject the first semester, to retake it the second semester. Many schools have seen test scores increase (Wilson). While students have more time to do daily work instead of homework, teachers have more time for their planning period. It allows more time for more in class projects and individual work between students and the instructor. Many teachers have said that with block scheduling, more discipline problems have decreased. Because traditional scheduling requires changing classes six times a day, students get more chances to start trouble between those classes. With block scheduling you’re only changing three times and there is a less chance of problems between classes (Wilson). Block scheduling does have its disadvantages just like traditional scheduling. Since students will not be going to class daily, some subjects might require drill and practice to stay refreshed on a student’s mind (Schroth). With classes being ninety minutes, students might get tired or bored with the subject they are in and ready to go to the next class. A bad instructor could cause students to not want to go to class for that long of a time. Block scheduling advantages outweighs its disadvantage. It prepares high school students for college. College classes are completely different than high school. Teachers have more time to prepare, teach and individually help each student in class. Discipline issues have decreased because of the less time spent in the hallways. The block method is great for all high schools and preparing students for the future.